Ithimba labacwaningi eliholwa nguProf. CHEN Wei wase-University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) lethule uhlelo olusha lwebhethri yamakhemikhali olusebenzisa igesi ye-hydrogen njenge-anode. Ucwaningo lushicilelwe kuI-Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
IHydrojeni (H2) isithole ukunakwa njengesithwali samandla avuselelekayo esinzile futhi esingabizi kakhulu ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezivuna i-electrochemical. Kodwa-ke, amabhethri endabuko asuselwa ku-hydrogen asebenzisa ngokuyinhloko i-H2njenge-cathode, ekhawulela ububanzi bawo bamandla kagesi abe ngu-0.8–1.4 V futhi ikhawulela umthamo wawo wonke wokugcina amandla. Ukunqoba lo mkhawulo, ithimba labacwaningi liphakamise indlela entsha: kusetshenziswa i-H2njenge-anode yokuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuminyana kwamandla kanye ne-voltage yokusebenza. Uma ibhangqwe nensimbi ye-lithium njenge-anode, ibhethri libonisa ukusebenza okuvelele kwe-electrochemical.
I-Schematic yebhethri ye-Li−H. (Isithombe nge-USTC)
Abacwaningi baklame uhlelo lwebhethri ye-Li-H ye-prototype, ehlanganisa i-lithium metal anode, isendlalelo segesi esifakwe ngeplatinamu esisebenza njenge-hydrogen cathode, kanye ne-electrolyte eqinile (Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3, noma i-LATP). Lokhu kulungiselelwa kuvumela ukuthuthwa kwe-lithium ion okusebenzayo ngenkathi kunciphisa ukusebenzisana kwamakhemikhali okungafuneki. Ngokuhlola, ibhethri ye-Li-H ibonise ukuminyana kwamandla okucatshangelwayo okungu-2825 Wh/kg, igcina i-voltage engaguquki cishe engu-3V. Ukwengeza, ithole ukusebenza kahle okumangalisayo kohambo lokuya nokubuya (RTE) kwama-99.7%, okubonisa ukulahleka kwamandla okuncane phakathi nemijikelezo yokushaja nokukhipha, kuyilapho igcina ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko, ukuphepha kanye nokwenza lula, ithimba lenze ibhethri le-Li-H elingena-anode eliqeda isidingo sensimbi ye-lithium efakwe ngaphambili. Esikhundleni salokho, ibhethri ifaka i-lithium kusawoti we-lithium (LiH2PO4kanye ne-LiOH) ku-electrolyte ngesikhathi sokushaja. Inguqulo igcina izinzuzo zebhethri elivamile le-Li-H ngenkathi yethula izinzuzo ezengeziwe. Inika amandla ukufakwa kwe-lithium okusebenzayo nokuhlubula ngokusebenza kahle kwe-Coulombic (CE) kwama-98.5%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isebenza ngokuzinza ngisho nasezindaweni eziphansi ze-hydrogen, inciphisa ukuthembela ekugcinweni kwe-H₂ enengcindezi ephezulu. Ukumodela kwekhompyutha, okufana nokulingiswa kwe-Density Functional Theory (DFT), kwenziwa ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi ama-ion e-lithium ne-hydrogen ahamba kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-electrolyte yebhethri.
Lokhu kuphumelela kubuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-Li-H kuveza amathuba amasha ezixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zokugcina amandla, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona ezihlanganisa amagridi wamandla avuselelekayo, izimoto zikagesi, ngisho nobuchwepheshe be-aerospace. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri avamile e-nickel-hydrogen, isistimu ye-Li-H iletha ukuminyana kwamandla okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza kahle, okuyenza ibe ikhandidethi eliqinile lokugcina amandla esizukulwaneni esilandelayo. Inguqulo ye-anode-free yenza isisekelo samabhethri asekelwe e-hydrogen angabizi kakhulu futhi angalawuleki.
Isixhumanisi Sephepha:https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202419663
(Ibhalwe ngu-ZHENG Zihong, ihlelwe ngu-WU Yuyang)
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-12-2025