Umlando we-Thermistor nesingeniso
I-NTC thermistor isifinyezo se-Negative Temperature Coefficient thermistor.Thermistor =Thermi-ally sensitive resistor, kwatholwa ngo-1833 nguMichael Faraday, owayecwaninga nge-silver sulfide semiconductors, waqaphela ukuthi ukumelana nesiliva sulfide kwehla njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, kwase kudayiswa nguSamuel Reuben ngawo-1930, ososayensi bathola ukuthi i-cuprous oxide ne-copper oxide nayo ine-coefficient ye-temperature engalungile kanye nokusebenza kwesekethe ye-aviation complementation. Kamuva, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-transistor, intuthuko enkulu yenziwe ocwaningweni lwama-thermistors, futhi ngo-1960, ama-thermistors e-NTC athuthukiswa, ingeyesigaba esikhulu se-thermistors.izingxenye ze-passive.
I-NTC Thermistor iwuhlobo lweisici esishisayo se-ceramic semiconductoregxilwa ngama-oxide ensimbi amaningi, ngokuyinhloko i-Mn(manganese), i-Ni(nickel), i-Co(cobalt) njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, i-Mn3-xMxO4 (M=Ni, Cu, Fe, Co, njll.) iyinto ene-Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC), okungukuthi, ukumelana kuncipha.ngokucacilengezinga lokushisa elikhulayo. Ikakhulukazi, ukumelana nokungaguquguquki kwempahla kuyahlukahluka ngengxenye yokwakheka kwezinto, umoya we-sintering, izinga lokushisa le-sintering nesimo sesakhiwo.
Ngoba inani layo lokumelana liyashintshangokuqondilefuthingokubikezelaekuphenduleni izinguquko ezincane ekushiseni komzimba (Izinga lokushintsha kwawo ukumelana lincike kokuhlukileukwakheka kwepharamitha), futhi ihlangene, izinzile futhi izwela kakhulu, isetshenziswa kakhulu kumadivayisi ezwa izinga lokushisa ezindlini ezihlakaniphile, ama-medical probe, kanye nakumadivaysi okulawula izinga lokushisa ezinto zikagesi zasendlini, ama-smartphone, njll., futhi eminyakeni yamuva isetshenziswe ngobuningi ezimotweni nasezinkundleni zamandla amasha.
1. Izincazelo Eziyisisekelo kanye Nezimiso Zokusebenza
Iyini i-NTC Thermistor?
■ Incazelo:I-Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor iyingxenye ye-ceramic ye-semiconductor encipha ukumelana kwayo.ngokucacilenjengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa, isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa, kanye nokucindezela kwamanje kwe-inrush.
■ Isimiso sokusebenza:Kwenziwe ngama-oxide ensimbi eguquguqukayo (isb, i-mangan ese, i-cobalt, i-nickel), izinguquko kuzinga lokushisa zishintsha ukugxila kwenkampani yenethiwekhi ngaphakathi kwempahla, okuholela ekushintsheni kokumelana.
Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezinhlobo Zenzwa Yokushisa
| Uhlobo | Isimiso | Izinzuzo | Ukubi |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-NTC | Ukumelana kuyahlukahluka nezinga lokushisa | Ukuzwela okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi | Okukhiphayo okungalayini |
| I-RTD | Ukumelana nezinsimbi kuyahlukahluka ngezinga lokushisa | Ukunemba okuphezulu, umugqa omuhle | Izindleko eziphakeme, impendulo ehamba kancane |
| Thermocouple | Umphumela we-Thermoelectric (i-voltage ekhiqizwa umehluko wezinga lokushisa) | Ibanga lokushisa elibanzi (-200°C kuya ku-1800°C) | Idinga isinxephezelo sendawo ebandayo, isignali ebuthakathaka |
| Inzwa Yezinga Lokushisa Yedijithali | Iguqula izinga lokushisa libe okukhiphayo kwedijithali | Ukuhlanganiswa okulula nama-microcontroller, ukunemba okuphezulu | Ibanga lokushisa elilinganiselwe, izindleko eziphezulu kune-NTC |
| I-LPTC (Linear PTC) | Ukumelana kukhula ngokuhambisana nezinga lokushisa | Ukukhishwa komugqa okulula, okulungele ukuvikela izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kwamandla | Ukuzwela okunomkhawulo, ububanzi bohlelo lokusebenza obuncane |
2. Amapharamitha Wokusebenza Okubalulekile kanye Namagama
Amapharamitha angu-Core
■ Ukumelana Noqobo (R25):
Ukumelana namandla aziro ku-25°C, kuvame ukusuka ku-1kΩ kuye ku-100kΩ.XIXITRONICSkungenziwa egcizelele ukuhlangabezana ne-0.5～5000kΩ
■B Inani (Inkomba ye-Thermal):
Incazelo: B = (T1 · T2)/(T2-T1) · ln(R1/R2), okubonisa ukuzwela kokumelana nezinguquko zokushisa (iyunithi: K).
Ibanga lenani elijwayelekile B: 3000K kuya ku-4600K (isb, B25/85=3950K)
I-XIXITRONICS ingenziwa ngezifiso ukuthi ihlangabezane ne-2500～5000K
■ Ukunemba (Ukubekezelelana):
Ukuchezuka kwenani lokumelana (isb, ±1%, ±3%) kanye nokunemba kwesilinganiso sezinga lokushisa (isb, ±0.5°C).
I-XIXITRONICS ingenziwa ngezifiso ukuthi ihlangabezane no-±0.2℃ ebangeni lika-0℃kuya ku-70℃, ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kungafinyelela ku-0.05℃.
■I-Disipation Factor (δ):
Ipharamitha ekhombisa imiphumela yokuzishisisa, ikalwa nge-mW/°C (amanani aphansi asho ukuzishisa okuncane).
■I-Time Constant (τ):
Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze i-thermistor iphendule ku-63.2% wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa (isb., imizuzwana emi-5 emanzini, imizuzwana engu-20 emoyeni).
Imigomo Yezobuchwepheshe
■ I-Steinhart-Hart Equation:
Imodeli yezibalo echaza ubudlelwano bokumelana nezinga lokushisa lama-thermistors e-NTC:
(T: Izinga lokushisa eliphelele, R: Resistance, A/B/C: Constants)
■ α (I-Temperature Coefficient):
Izinga lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kweyunithi ngayinye:
■ Ithebula le-RT (Ithebula Lokumelana Nokushisa):
Ithebula lesithenjwa elibonisa amanani okumelana ajwayelekile kumazinga okushisa ahlukene, asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa noma ukwakheka kwesekethe.
3. Izicelo Ezijwayelekile Ze-NTC Thermistors
Izinkambu Zohlelo
1. Ukukalwa kwezinga lokushisa:
o Imishini yasendlini (ama-air conditioner, amafriji), okokusebenza kwemboni, ezezimoto (iphakethe lebhethri/ukuqapha izinga lokushisa lemoto).
2. Isinxephezelo Sezinga Lokushisa:
oInxephezela ukukhukhuleka kwezinga lokushisa kwezinye izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi (isb., ama-crystal oscillator, ama-LED).
3. Ukucindezela Kwamanje Kwe-Inrush:
oUkusebenzisa ukumelana nokubanda okuphezulu ukuze kukhawulwe inrush yamanje ngesikhathi sokuqalisa amandla.
Izibonelo Zomklamo Wesifunda
• I-Voltage Divider Circuit:
(Izinga lokushisa libalwa ngokufunda i-voltage nge-ADC.)
• Izindlela zomugqa:
Ukwengeza ama-resistant angaguquki kuchungechunge/okuhambisanayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe okukhiphayo okungekona umugqa kwe-NTC (faka phakathi imidwebo yesekethe yereferensi).
4. Izinsiza Zobuchwepheshe Namathuluzi
Izinsiza Zamahhala
•Datasheets:Bandakanya amapharamitha anemininingwane, ubukhulu, nezimo zokuhlola.
•RT Ithebula le-Excel ( PDF ) Isifanekiso: Ivumela amakhasimende ukuthi abheke ngokushesha amanani okumelana nezinga lokushisa.
oUkucatshangelwa Kwedizayini ye-NTC ekuvikelweni kwezinga lokushisa kwebhethri ye-Lithium
oUkuthuthukisa Ukunemba Kwesilinganiso Sezinga Lokushisa Se-NTC Ngokukalwa Kwesofthiwe
Amathuluzi aku-inthanethi
• B Value Calculator:Faka i-T1/R1 kanye ne-T2/R2 ukuze ubale inani elingu-B.
•Ithuluzi Lokuguqula Izinga lokushisa: Ukumelana nokokufaka ukuze uthole izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo (isekela isibalo se-Steinhart-Hart).
5. Amathiphu Edizayini (Onjiniyela)
• Gwema Amaphutha Okuzishisisa:Qinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwamanje kungaphansi kwesilinganiso esiphezulu esishiwo kumininingwane yedatha (isb., 10μA).
• Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo:Ngezindawo eziswakeme noma ezibolayo, sebenzisa ama-NTC afakwe ingilazi noma ama-epoxy-coated.
• Izincomo Zokulinganisa:Thuthukisa ukunemba kwesistimu ngokwenza ukulinganisa kwamaphoyinti amabili (isb, 0°C no-100°C).
6.Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
1. Q: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-NTC ne-PTC thermistors?
o A: Ama-thermistors e-PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) anyusa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa futhi avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvikela i-overcurrent, kuyilapho ama-thermistors e-NTC asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa nesinxephezelo.
2. Q: Ungakhetha kanjani inani elifanele lika-B?
o A: Amanani aphezulu ka-B (isb., B25/85=4700K) anikeza ukuzwela okuphezulu futhi afanele amazinga okushisa amancane, kuyilapho amanani aphansi ka-B (isb., B25/50=3435K) angcono kumazinga okushisa abanzi.
3. Q: Ingabe ubude bezintambo buthinta ukunemba kwesilinganiso?
oA: Yebo, izintambo ezinde zethula ukumelana okwengeziwe, okunganxeshezelwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuxhuma izintambo ezi-3 noma ezine.
Izintengo zethu zingashintsha kuye ngokuhlinzekwa nezinye izici zemakethe. Sizokuthumelela uhlu lwamanani olubuyekeziwe ngemuva kokuthi inkampani yakho isithinte ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.
Yebo, sidinga wonke ama-oda wamazwe ngamazwe ukuthi abe nenani eliqhubekayo le-oda elincane. Uma ufuna ukuthengisa kabusha kodwa ngamanani amancane kakhulu, sincoma ukuthi uhlole iwebhusayithi yethu.
Yebo, singanikeza imibhalo eminingi ehlanganisa Izitifiketi Zokuhlaziya / Ukuvumelana; Umshwalense; Umsuka, namanye amadokhumenti okuthekelisa lapho kudingeka.
Kumasampuli, isikhathi sokuhola cishe yizinsuku eziyi-7. Ngokukhiqizwa okukhulu, isikhathi sokuhola siyizinsuku ezingama-20-30 ngemuva kokuthola inkokhelo yediphozithi. Izikhathi zokuhola ziqala ukusebenza lapho (1) sesithole idiphozithi yakho, futhi (2) sinemvume yakho yokugcina yemikhiqizo yakho. Uma izikhathi zethu zokuhola zingasebenzi nomnqamulajuqu wakho, sicela uhlole izidingo zakho ngokuthengisa kwakho. Kuzo zonke izimo sizozama ukwanelisa izidingo zakho. Ezimweni eziningi siyakwazi ukwenza kanjalo.
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