Ingxoxo Emfishane Ngokusetshenziswa Kwezinzwa Zezinga Lokushisa Ze-NTC Kumaphakethe Ebhethri Esitoreji Samandla

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe obusha bamandla, amaphakethe ebhethri okugcina amandla (njengamabhethri e-lithium-ion, amabhethri e-sodium-ion, njll.) asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamandla, izimoto zikagesi, izikhungo zedatha, neminye imikhakha. Ukuphepha nokuphila kwamabhethri kuhlobene kakhulu nezinga lokushisa lawo lokusebenza.I-NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) izinzwa zokushisa, ngokuzwela kwazo okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, zibe enye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zokuqapha izinga lokushisa kwebhethri. Ngezansi, sihlola izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza, izinzuzo, nezinselele ezivela emibonweni eminingi.

I. Isimiso Esisebenzayo Nezimpawu Zezinzwa Zezinga Lokushisa Ze-NTC

1. Isimiso Esiyisisekelo
   I-thermistor ye-NTC ibonisa ukwehla okukhulu kokumelana njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Ngokulinganisa izinguquko zokumelana, idatha yezinga lokushisa ingatholakala ngokungaqondile. Ubudlelwano bokumelana nezinga lokushisa bulandela ifomula:

RT=R0⋅eB(T1−T0 1)

laphoRTukumelana nezinga lokushisaT,R0 yireferensi yokumelana nezinga lokushisaT0, futhiBkuyinto engaguquki.

2. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko
   • Ukuzwela Okuphezulu:Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa elincane kuholela ekushintshashintsheni okuphawulekayo kokumelana, okuvumela ukuqapha okunembayo.
   • Impendulo esheshayo:Usayizi ohlangene kanye nesisindo esiphansi sokushisa kuvumela ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela kokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
   • Izindleko eziphansi:Izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezikhulile zisekela ukuthunyelwa kwenani elikhulu.
   • Ibanga Lokushisa Elibanzi:Ibanga elijwayelekile lokusebenza (-40°C kuya ku-125°C) lihlanganisa izimo ezivamile zamabhethri okugcina amandla.

II. Izidingo Zokulawulwa Kwezinga Lokushisa Kumaphakethe Ebhethri Esitoreji Samandla

Ukusebenza nokuphepha kwamabhethri e-lithium kuncike kakhulu kumazinga okushisa:

• Izingozi Zezinga Lokushisa Eziphezulu:Ukushaja ngokweqile, ukuchithwa ngokweqile, noma amasekhethi amafushane kungabangela ukubaleka okushisayo, okuholela emililo noma ukuqhuma.
• Imiphumela Yezinga Lokushisa Eliphansi:Ukwenyuka kwe-electrolyte viscosity emazingeni okushisa aphansi kunciphisa amazinga okufuduka kwe-lithium-ion, okubangela ukulahleka kwamandla okungazelelwe.
• I-Temperature Uniformity:Umehluko ongaphezu kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwamamojula webhethri usheshisa ukuguga futhi unciphise impilo yonke.

Ngakho,real-time, multi-point izinga lokushisa lokuqaphakuwumsebenzi obalulekile we-Battery Management Systems (BMS), lapho izinzwa ze-NTC zidlala indima ebalulekile.

III. Ukusetshenziswa Okujwayelekile Kwezinzwa ze-NTC Kumaphakethe Ebhethri Lesitoreji Samandla

1. Ukuqapha Ukushisa Kwezinga Eliphezulu Leseli
   • Izinzwa ze-NTC zifakwa ngaphezulu kweseli ngayinye noma imojuli ukuze kuqashwe ngokuqondile izindawo ezidonsela kuzo.
   • Izindlela zokufaka:Kulungiswe kusetshenziswa okunamathelayo okushisayo noma abakaki bensimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthintana okuqinile namaseli.
2. Imojula Yangaphakathi Yezinga Lokushisa Uniformity Monitoring
   • Izinzwa eziningi ze-NTC zisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukene (isb, phakathi nendawo, emaphethelweni) ukuze kutholwe ukushisa okweqile kwendawo noma ukungalingani kokupholisa.
   • Ama-algorithms e-BMS athuthukisa amasu wokushaja/wokukhipha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubaleka okushisayo.
3. Ukulawulwa Kwesistimu Yokupholisa
   • Idatha ye-NTC icupha ukwenziwa kusebenze/ukuvalwa kwamasistimu okupholisa (ukupholisa komoya/uketshezi noma izinto zokushintsha isigaba) ukuze kulungiswe ngokuguquguqukayo ukuchithwa kokushisa.
   • Isibonelo: Ukwenza kusebenze iphampu epholisa uketshezi lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-45°C futhi ivale ngaphansi kuka-30°C ukuze wonge amandla.
4. Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa le-Ambient
   • Ukuqapha amazinga okushisa angaphandle (isb, ukushisa kwangaphandle kwasehlobo noma ukubanda kwasebusika) ukuze kuncishiswe imithelela yemvelo ekusebenzeni kwebhethri.

  

IV. Izinselelo zobuchwepheshe Nezixazululo kuzicelo ze-NTC

1. Ukuzinza Kwesikhathi Eside
   • Inselelo:Ukumelana nokukhukhuleka kungenzeka endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu/umswakama, kubangele amaphutha okulinganisa.
   • Isixazululo:Sebenzisa ama-NTC athembeke kakhulu ane-epoxy noma ingilazi encapsulation, ehlanganiswe nokulinganiswa kwezikhathi noma ama-algorithms wokuzilungisa.
2. Inkimbinkimbi Yokuthunyelwa Kwamaphoyinti amaningi
   • Inselelo:Ubunkimbinkimbi bezintambo bukhuphuka ngezinzwa eziningi kuye kumakhulu kumaphakethe amakhulu ebhethri.
   • Isixazululo:Yenza izintambo zibe lula ngamamojula okutholwa asabalalisiwe (isb., ukwakheka kwebhasi le-CAN) noma izinzwa ezivumelana nezimo ezihlanganisiwe ze-PCB.
3. Izimpawu Ezingaqondile
   • Inselelo:Ubudlelwano be-exponential resistance-temperature budinga umugqa.
   • Isixazululo:Sebenzisa isinxephezelo sesofthiwe usebenzisa amathebula okubheka (LUT) noma isibalo se-Steinhart-Hart ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba kwe-BMS.

V. Amathrendi Okuthuthukisa Ikusasa

1. Ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nokwenza idijithali:Ama-NTC anokuxhumana okudijithali (isb, i-I2C) anciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali futhi enze ukwakheka kwesistimu kube lula.
2. Ukuqapha kwe-Multi-Parameter Fusion:Hlanganisa izinzwa zikagesi/zamanje ukuze uthole amasu ahlakaniphile okulawula ukushisa.
3. Izinto Ezithuthukile:Ama-NTC anobubanzi obunwetshiwe (-50°C kuya ku-150°C) ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezidlulele zemvelo.
4. I-AI-Driven Predictive Maintenance:Sebenzisa ukufunda komshini ukuze uhlaziye umlando wezinga lokushisa, ubikezele izitayela zokuguga, futhi unike amandla izexwayiso zangaphambi kwesikhathi.

VI. Isiphetho

Izinzwa zokushisa ze-NTC, ngokusebenza kahle kwazo izindleko kanye nokuphendula ngokushesha, zibalulekile ekuqaphelweni kwezinga lokushisa kumaphakethe webhethri okugcina amandla. Njengoba ubuhlakani be-BMS buthuthuka futhi kuvela izinto ezintsha, ama-NTC azothuthukisa ukuphepha, ubude bokuphila, nokusebenza kahle kwamasistimu okugcina amandla. Abaklami kufanele bakhethe ukucaciswa okufanele (isb, inani le-B, ukupakishwa) kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile, bathuthukise ukubekwa kwezinzwa, futhi bahlanganise idatha yemithombo eminingi ukuze kwandiswe inani layo.